FFRDCs–a Primer

Addressing National Challenges

When FFRDCs got their start, the government’s research needs focused on the pressing challenges of the day: defense, aviation, nuclear proliferation. Decades later, the government’s challenges are broader and deeper, influenced not just by national conditions but also by the global landscape. More than ever, federal R&D, acquisition, and related support require the combined efforts of government, industry, and the non-profit sector. Each sector contributes in its distinct way, forming the footing of the “three-legged stool.” FFRDCs have a special place in this overall effort.

In part because of their small size relative to federal and for-profit organizations, FFRDCs have kept a low public profile. Since their inception, however, they have made significant contributions to solving key national challenges. The unique attributes of FFRDCs, shaped by both law and tradition, have made these contributions possible. At their core, FFRDCs help the government make cost-effective choices in technology development, policy formation, systems acquisition and integration, and other vital elements of government operations. They do this through a mix of characteristics and constraints that emphasize commitment to the public interest, a long-term horizon, and an organizational structure outside of and apart from government, ensuring an absence of conflicts of interest.

FFRDCs also play an important role in spurring innovation. Apart from licensing and other technology transfer activities aimed specifically at encouraging commercialization of government-funded R&D, FFRDCs play a key role in preserving the nation’s technical base.

Finally, mandatory government assessments periodically weigh the need for and performance of its FFRDCs. This process has caused fluctuations in the number of FFRDCs and shifts in substantive focus over the decades—and ensures that each FFRDC delivers value to our nation.

We ultimately measure our government’s research, technology, policy development, and acquisition efforts by outcomes: a safer nation, a well-functioning civil sector, and a healthier population, to name but a few. Working together—achieving the right balance—government, industry, and FFRDCs deliver the outcomes that make our nation stronger.

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